When VD alv is increased, VD phys can be recovered by the Bohr and Bohr-Enghoff equations, but not by the Koulouris method. PA co2 was calculated by the method of Koulouris. Respiratory data generated by the model were analysed to calculate dead-spaces by the Fowler, Bohr, Bohr-Enghoff and Koulouris methods. Pulmonary shunt, V̇/Q̇ distribution and VD alv were varied in a tidally breathing cardiorespiratory model. This study evaluates the effects of increased alveolar dead-space (VD alv), pulmonary shunt, and abnormal ventilation perfusion ratio (V̇/Q̇) distributions on dead-space and alveolar partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PA co2) calculated by various methods, assesses a recently published non-invasive method (Koulouris method) for the measurement of Bohr dead-space, and evaluates an equation for calculating physiological dead-space (VD phys) in the presence of pulmonary shunt.
Respiratory dead-space is often increased in lung disease.
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